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	<title>Gaba Style 無料で英語学習 &#187; サクっと読む英文</title>
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	<description>英語から見える世界を、とびきり楽しもう Gaba Style</description>
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		<title>Why is playing many different sports better than playing only one?</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read049/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read049/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 30 Mar 2018 03:00:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=20035</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[3月をもって「サクっと読む英文」は終了となります。 引き続き、皆さまの英語学習に役立つコンテンツを配信いたしますので、これからもGaba Styleを何卒よろしくお願いいたします。 Read the article ab [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p> 3月をもって「サクっと読む英文」は終了となります。<br />
引き続き、皆さまの英語学習に役立つコンテンツを配信いたしますので、これからもGaba Styleを何卒よろしくお願いいたします。 </p>
<p>Read the article about what the Women’s Sports Foundation found out about the benefits of playing more than one sport.<br />
Women’s Sports Foundation（女性スポーツ財団）が発表した複数のスポーツを行うメリットについて、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read049.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>Many people believe that the best way to become an excellent athlete is to focus on only one sport and work hard on improving one’s skills in that one sport as much as possible. However, it may actually be <strong>beneficial</strong> to play <strong>a variety of</strong> sports. This could help prevent injuries, reduce the chance of <strong>getting bored of</strong> a sport, and develop a more <strong>varied</strong> set of skills.</p>
<p>A recent report by the Women’s Sports Foundation found that people who play <strong>multiple</strong> sports experience several benefits. The report looked at 14,049 teenagers in the US for five years. Researchers found that 62% of people who played multiple sports exercised every day, compared to only 39% of people who played only one sport. They also found that people who played multiple sports got more sleep. 37% got seven or more hours of sleep, compared to 32% of single-sport athletes.</p>
<p>Other benefits included being more likely to eat green vegetables every day (45.4% compared to 40%), being more likely to eat fruit every day (57.3% compared to 47.5%), and being less likely to smoke (13.4% compared to 15.0%). In general, the people who played multiple sports said they felt happier and more confident.</p>
<p>One problem with playing only one sport all year round is that it increases the chance of injuries. By using the same muscles <strong>continuously</strong>, there is a risk of <strong>muscle strain</strong>. However, playing different sports requires different movements and uses different muscles, reducing the strain on muscles. One study found that athletes who <strong>specialize</strong> in one sport are 70% more likely to get an injury than those who play more than one sport.</p>
<p>In the US, only 37.4% of teenagers play more than one sport. This might be because parents believe focusing on one sport gives their children the best chance of being successful. However, this might not be the best idea <strong>after all</strong>. For young people, there are even more benefits to playing more than one sport. As participating in sports allows young people to <strong>socialize</strong> and make friends, being able to play in all seasons increases the number of opportunities to make social connections. It might also be good to <strong>explore</strong> different interests while young rather than limit oneself to a single sport.</p>
<p>There is more strong evidence to support the idea that playing multiple sports is better than playing one. A report found that 71% of the highest-level college football players in the US played multiple sports in high school. For runners, 87% of the highest-level women and 91% of the highest-level men played multiple sports in high school.</p>
<p>Most people understand that eating a <strong>healthy diet</strong> requires variety. With a number of studies and reports all pointing to the same conclusion, it seems that the same is true of sports as well.<br />
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>Many people believe that the best way to become a great athlete is to play only one sport. This way, an athlete can work hard on getting better at that one sport. However, it may be better to play a few different sports. This could help athletes get fewer injuries and stop them from getting bored of a sport. It could also give them a wider set of skills.</p>
<p>There was a recent report by the Women’s Sports Foundation. The report showed that playing more than one sport has many merits. The report looked at 14,049 teenagers in the US for five years. Researchers found that 62% of people who played more than one sport exercised every day. Only 39% of people who played only one sport exercised every day. They also found that people who played more than one sport got more sleep. 37% of multiple-sport athletes got seven or more hours of sleep. Only 32% of single-sport athletes got seven or more hours.</p>
<p>Athletes who played more than one sport had a higher chance of eating green vegetables every day (45.4% compared to 40%). They also had a higher chance of eating fruit every day (57.3% compared to 47.5%). Also, there was less chance that they smoked (13.4% compared to 15.0%). The people who played more than one sport also said they felt happier.</p>
<p>Another study showed that athletes who play only one sport have a 70% higher chance of getting an injury. This is because when an athlete uses the same muscles all the time, those muscles get very tired. However, different sports use different movements and different muscles. This causes less stress for the muscles.</p>
<p>In the US, only 37.4% of teenagers play more than one sport. Maybe this is because parents believe their children will have more success by playing only one sport. However, this might not be the best idea. For young people, there are even more merits to playing more than one sport. Doing sports helps young people to make friends. Being able to play in all seasons gives them more chances to make friends. It might also be good to try many different interests while young.</p>
<p>There have been more studies that show playing many different sports is better. A report showed that 71% of the highest-level college football players in the US played more than one sport in high school. For runners, 87% of the highest-level women played more than one sport in high school. 91% of the highest-level men played more than one sport.</p>
<p>Most people understand that eating many different kinds of foods is important for being healthy. These studies all seem to show that variety is important in sports as well.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">beneficial 　有益な</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">a variety of ～　さまざまな～</h5>
<h5 class="orange">get bored of ～　～に飽きる</h5>
<p>退屈する、うんざりする、などという意味です。</p>
<p>例：I used to love this song, but I got bored of it after they started playing it so often.<br />
（以前はこの曲が大好きだったけど、頻繁に聞くうちに飽きてしまった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">multiple　多数の</h5>
<p>多数の、多くの部分からなる、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：There were multiple issues with the proposal.<br />
（その提案書には多数の問題があった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">continuously　連続して</h5>
<p>途切れることなく連続して、継続的に、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：You have to live and work in the UK for five years continuously before you can apply for permanent residence.<br />
（永住権の申請を行う前に、イギリスに5年間継続して居住し、労働することが必要です。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">muscle strain　肉離れ、筋を違えること</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">specialize　専門にする</h5>
<h5 class="orange">after all　結局のところ</h5>
<p>（予想に反して）結局は、（なんだかんだ言っても）やはり、などという意味です。</p>
<p>例：It was supposed to be a sunny day but it rained after all.<br />
（晴天のはずだったのに結局は雨になってしまった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">socialize　交流する、（社交上）付き合う</h5>
<h5 class="orange">explore　探索する</h5>
<p>（詳しく）探る、探検する、調査する、などという意味です。</p>
<p>例：Let’s go for a walk and explore the area around the hotel.<br />
（散歩して、ホテルの周りを探検しようよ。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">healthy diet　健康的な食事</h5>
</div>
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		<item>
		<title>Qantas plans world’s longest commercial flight</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read048/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read048/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 12 Jan 2018 03:00:43 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=19589</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out how long a direct flight from Sydney to London will take. シドニーからロンドンへの直行便はどのくらいの時 [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out how long a direct flight from Sydney to London will take.<br />
シドニーからロンドンへの直行便はどのくらいの時間がかかるのか、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read048.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>Australian airline company Qantas has <strong>announced</strong> plans for a nonstop flight from Sydney to London. If successful, it would be the longest <strong>commercial flight route</strong> in history.</p>
<p>Qantas first started offering flights from Sydney to London in 1974. It <strong>originally</strong> took four days and required several <strong>connections</strong>. Current flights from Sydney to London take over 22 hours and require at least one <strong>connecting flight</strong>.</p>
<p>The flight from Sydney to London would be over 17,000 km and take more than 20 hours. The Australian airline wants the flights to begin by 2022. However, right now there are no planes that can travel such a long distance without stopping to <strong>refuel</strong>. Qantas announced its plans because they want Boeing and Airbus, two of the largest aircraft manufacturers, to produce planes that can fly that far.</p>
<p>The plans for the flight route were announced by Qantas CEO Alan Joyce. He made the announcement as a public “challenge” to Airbus and Boeing. Both companies have new extra-long range planes in development. Next year Airbus will release its A350. Boeing is currently working on its 777X plane. It should <strong>come out</strong> sometime in 2020. While both planes will be able to fly longer than any previous plane, they still wouldn’t be able to make the 20 hour flight from Sydney to London. That is why Joyce <strong>issued his challenge</strong>.</p>
<p>Qantas will begin offering flights from Perth to London later this year. That flight will take 17 hours. A flight that long is very difficult. The plane has to <strong>weigh</strong> less than other planes, and it has to use a special flight path to save fuel. A flight from Sydney to London would face many of the same problems.</p>
<p>In an interview with the Sydney Morning Herald, analyst Richard Aboulafia said that the flight can only succeed if fuel prices are low. “If they stay at $50 USD (about ¥5,500) a barrel or less, it should be possible to keep costs <strong>reasonable</strong>. But as fuel <strong>goes up</strong>, the <strong>disadvantages</strong> of flying a very heavy plane begin to make ultra-long haul problematic” he said.</p>
<p>Aboulafia added that the flight should be able to make money, even if the price of oil goes up to $70 (about ¥7,700) a barrel.</p>
<p>Boeing released a statement in response to the challenge, but didn’t say if its new planes will be able to make the flight, saying, “Boeing continues to work with our customers to understand their fleet requirements and market demands.” Boeing stated that it is <strong>attempting</strong> to make the most efficient large plane possible with the 777X.</p>
<p>However, Airbus released a statement that suggested they could meet Qantas’ challenge, saying, “We’ll have the A350-900 ULR in service next year for ultra-long range flights of up to 20 hours. We’ll look forward to working with Qantas to see how we can meet its requirements for Sydney-London non-stop.”</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Australian airline company Qantas has announced plans for a nonstop flight from Sydney to London. If successful, it would be the longest passenger flight ever.</p>
<p>Qantas started flying from Sydney to London in 1974. The first planes that flew from Sydney to London took four days. Passengers had to change planes many times. Flying from Sydney to London now takes over 22 hours. Passengers need to change planes at least once.</p>
<p>The flight from Sydney to London would be over 17,000 km and take more than 20 hours. Qantas wants planes that can fly from Sydney to London by 2022. However, right now there are no planes that can travel such a long distance without stopping to get more fuel. Qantas announced its plans because they want Boeing and Airbus to make planes that can fly that far. Boeing and Airbus are two of the biggest companies that make planes.</p>
<p>Both Boeing and Airbus companies are now working on new extra-long range planes. Next year Airbus will release its A350 plane. Boeing is working on its 777X plane. The Boeing 777x plane should come out sometime in 2020. The Boeing and Airbus planes will be able to fly longer than any other plane. The planes still won’t be able to fly from Sydney to London. Qantas wants the Boeing and Airbus to change the planes, so they can make the long flight.</p>
<p>Qantas planes will start flying from Perth to London later this year. Flying from Perth to London will take 17 hours. Flying that long is very difficult. The plane has to be lighter than other planes. The plane has to fly a special route to save fuel. Flying from Sydney to London would have many of the same problems.</p>
<p>The Sydney Morning Herald interviewed analyst Richard Aboulafia. Aboulafia told the Sydney Morning Herald that planes flying from Sydney to London can only make money if fuel prices are low. Aboulafia said, “If they stay at $50 USD (about ¥5,500) a barrel or less, it should be possible to keep costs reasonable”.</p>
<p>Aboulafia added that planes flying from Sydney to London should be able to make money, even if the price of oil goes up to $70 (about ¥7,700) a barrel.</p>
<p>Boeing didn’t say if its new planes will be able to fly from Sydney to London. Boeing said that the 777X plane would fly as far as possible.</p>
<p>Airbus said that its A350-900 ULR plane will be in service next year, and it will be able to fly up to 20 hours. Airbus wants to work with Qantas and try to meet their needs.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">announce　発表する、告知する</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">commercial flight route　旅客便の航空路</h5>
<h5 class="orange">originally　当初は、もともとは</h5>
<p>初めは、本来は、生まれは、など、最初の状態・状況や出身、もしくはもとの在り方・仕方を説明するときに使われます。</p>
<p>例：Her family is originally from Italy.<br />
（彼女の家族はもともとイタリアの出身だ。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">connection　乗り継ぎ</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">connecting flight　乗り継ぎ便</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">refuel　燃料を補給する</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">come out　世に出る（運航を開始する）</h5>
<p><strong>▼こちらもCheck！</strong><br />
<a href="https://www.gabastyle.com/english/p-verbs/p-verbs019/" title="">使いこなす句動詞 “come out” </a></p>
<h5 class="orange">issue a challenge　（人）に挑戦する</h5>
<p>人を競争やけんかなどで競うように招くことを意味します。</p>
<p>例：He issued a challenge to everyone: “Try to beat me at chess”.<br />
（彼は「チェスで僕に勝ってみろ」と全員に挑戦した。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">weigh　～の重さがある</h5>
<p>ものの重量がどのくらいあるかを意味します。</p>
<p>例：My suitcase weighed too much. They charged me extra to check it.<br />
（私のスーツケースは重すぎた。機内に預けるのに追加料金を取られてしまった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">reasonable　（値段などが）それほど高くない</h5>
<p>値段について言う場合、それほど高くない、まあまあの、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：That restaurant has really good food and the prices are reasonable.<br />
（あのレストランはとても美味しく、値段もそれほど高くない。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">go up　値上がりする</h5>
<p><strong>▼こちらもCheck！</strong><br />
<a href="https://www.gabastyle.com/english/p-verbs/p-verbs024/" title="">使いこなす句動詞 “go up” </a></p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">disadvantage　不利益、損失</h5>
<h5 class="orange">attempt　～するよう努める</h5>
<p>あることを行おうと努力すること、試すことを意味します。</p>
<p>例：I attempted to get back in touch with my childhood friend.<br />
（子どもの頃の友達と再度連絡を取ろうと試みた。）</p>
</div>
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		<title>New law ends abortion ban in Chile</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read047/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read047/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 10 Nov 2017 03:00:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=19352</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out in what situations Chile now allows abortions to be performed. 現在チリではどのような状況であれば妊 [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out in what situations Chile now allows abortions to be performed.<br />
現在チリではどのような状況であれば妊娠中絶を行うことが許されているのか、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read047.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>In August, 2017, Chile ended its 28-year <strong>complete ban</strong> on <strong>abortion</strong>, which has <strong>prevented</strong> women from having abortions <strong>under any circumstances</strong>. In 2015, Michelle Bachelet, who made history in 2006 by becoming Chile’s first female president, introduced the new law. The new policy allows the <strong>procedure</strong> in specific situations. <strong>Conservatives and campaigners opposed</strong> to abortion challenged the law for two years, until Chile’s Supreme Court ultimately allowed the law.</p>
<p>Before the new law, the Chilean government banned abortion completely – even when the mother’s life was in danger. Now, abortion is allowed in three cases: if the woman was raped, if the <strong>fetus</strong> has serious health problems that mean it cannot survive, or if the woman might die without an abortion. However, doctors can refuse to perform the procedure if they are personally against it.</p>
<p>Chile’s strict laws were relatively new. Three <strong>decades</strong> ago, Chile allowed abortion in a wider range of situations. Then in 1989, under the military leader Augusto Pinochet, Chile began to <strong>roll back</strong> abortion rights. From then on, Chile strictly banned abortion for any reason.</p>
<p>Researchers found that about 70% of Chileans supported changing the law. <strong>Despite</strong> the support, it took two years for the law to pass. Anti-abortion groups strongly opposed the change. They argued that abortion is illegal under Chilean law. Chilean law says the government must “protect the life of the unborn”. Chile’s government passed the law earlier in August, but opposition groups insisted that Chile&#8217;s Court review it. In the end, the Court decided 6-4 that the new law was acceptable.</p>
<p>While anti-abortion groups in Chile were <strong>upset</strong> with the decision, others celebrated. President Bachelet called the decision a victory for women and for all of Chile. Maria Stella Toro, who works for a Chilean health organization, said that the change is “not a complete victory”, since the new law only allows the procedure in three limited situations. However, she said she hoped that Bachelet’s law was the first step in improving women’s health care.</p>
<p>Others are interested in how Chile’s new law will affect the rest of Latin America. 12 other countries in the area, including Brazil, have total or near-total bans on abortion. Two countries, El Salvador and Nicaragua, ban the procedure even if the woman will die. In these countries, some women have gone to prison for having abortions. Many people hope that the change in Chile will <strong>encourage</strong> other Latin American countries to review their own laws and change them.</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>In August, 2017, Chile changed its abortion laws. Before, abortion was completely against the law. Michelle Bachelet, Chile’s first female president, introduced the new law in 2015. Groups against abortion fought the law for two years, but finally Chile’s Supreme Court said the law was OK. Now women can get abortions in a few situations.</p>
<p>Bachelet’s new law says that women can get abortions in three cases: if the woman was raped, if the baby is very sick and will die, or if the woman might die. However, doctors can choose not to do an abortion if they personally think it’s wrong.</p>
<p>Researchers found that about 70% of Chileans liked Bachelet’s new law. However, it took two years for the law to pass. Groups against abortion fought the law. They said that the abortion is not OK under Chilean law. Under Chilean law, the government must protect unborn babies. In fact, Chile’s government passed the law earlier in August, but some people wanted Chile’s Supreme Court to check it first. In the end, the Supreme Court said that the new law should pass.</p>
<p>Although groups against abortion in Chile did not like the decision, many other people were happy. President Bachelet said the decision was good for women and for all of Chile. Maria Stella Toro, who works for a Chilean health organization, said that the new law is not perfect. However, Toro hopes that more laws will come after Bachelet’s law to help women.</p>
<p>Many people want to know how Chile’s new law might change other countries in Latin America. In many other countries in Latin America women can only get abortions in a few situations. In two countries, El Salvador and Nicaragua, women cannot get abortions, even if the woman might die. Many people hope that the new law in Chile will make other Latin American countries change their abortion laws too.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">complete ban　全面禁止</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">abortion　妊娠中絶</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">prevent　（～するのを）阻む、抑える</h5>
<h5 class="orange">under any circumstances　どんな状況でも</h5>
<p>どのような状況だとしても、どのような事情があっても、という意味です。通常、否定文で使われます。</p>
<p>例：I won’t sell my house under any circumstances.<br />
（どんな状況でも私は家を売ったりしない。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">procedure　処置</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">conservatives and campaigners　保守派と運動（活動）家</h5>
<h5 class="orange">oppose to ~　～に反対している</h5>
<p>反対する、相反する、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：People opposed to the government’s plan to raise taxes met in front of the Capitol Building.<br />
（政府の増税案に反対する人々が国会議事堂前に集まった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">fetus　胎児</h5>
<h5 class="orange">decade　10年間</h5>
<p>10年の期間を意味します。</p>
<p>例：I can’t believe I graduated over a decade ago.<br />
（10年以上も前に卒業したなんて信じられない。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">roll  back　～を（元に）戻す</h5>
<p>変更を加える前の元の状態に戻す、復元するという意味です。</p>
<p>例：We’re going to have to roll back prices to regain customers.<br />
（我々は、客を呼び戻すために価格を元に戻さなくてはならない。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">despite　～にも関わらず</h5>
<h5 class="orange">upset　動揺して </h5>
<p>不幸せな状態や混乱・動揺した状態、または不安・心配を抱える状態を意味します。</p>
<p>例：He was upset when he heard his parents fighting.<br />
（両親がけんかをしているのを聞いて、彼は動揺した。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">encourage　（～するように）働きかける、促す</h5>
</div>
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		<title>New technology in Japan’s farms</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read046/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read046/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Oct 2017 03:00:24 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=19153</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out what new technologies are being developed for farmers. 農家のために開発されている新しいテクノロジーについて [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out what new technologies are being developed for farmers.<br />
農家のために開発されている新しいテクノロジーについて、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read046.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Japan’s farming industry is <strong>looking to</strong> new technology, like self-driving tractors, to <strong>deal with</strong> its lack of workers. <strong>Rural</strong> populations are decreasing, and the people who remain there are getting older. This aging population has found it more and more difficult to manage their <strong>farmland</strong>.</p>
<p>Farmers and manufacturers are particularly interested in creating “<strong>self-driving</strong>” tractors. These tractors do not need a person to drive them. <strong>Instead</strong>, the farmer can set a route and the tractor uses GPS to follow it. <strong>In theory</strong>, developers say, older farmers could complete most of their tasks without leaving their houses and even program these machines to work at night.</p>
<p>The first self-driving tractors are already available. Kubota Corp. released its first model for testing in June. At present, the Kubota tractor still needs a farmer to watch it while it works. However, the farmer can do this while driving another tractor, which means two machines can work at the same time. Kubota says this means the farmer can finish the task faster.　</p>
<p>Kubota and other rival companies like Iseki &#038; Co. and Yanmar are working to make fully self-driving machines. One of the biggest remaining challenges is developing an <strong>accurate</strong> GPS system. Self-driving tractors need GPS systems to tell them where to go. At present, though, the systems are not always accurate enough, and the machinery can go off course by as much as 10 m. However, developers are working to fix these problems and hope to improve the GPS systems in the near future.</p>
<p>Farmers are <strong>looking at</strong> other ways to use technology to improve their farms. Other ideas include using computers to control temperatures inside farm buildings and water their plants more efficiently. Some scientists are working on machines to study the weather and help farmers protect their plants. In recent years, typhoons and hard rain have damaged farm plants, so giving farmers more accurate data is important. </p>
<p>The Japanese government says that self-driving tractors and other new ideas are very important for the Japanese farming industry. Currently, more than half of Japan’s farmers are over 65 years old, and the average age for a farmer is about 66 years old. The total number of people working on farms is falling every year. Between 2016 and 2017, the Japanese government <strong>estimates</strong> that the number of farm industry workers fell by about 100,000 people. As a result, farmers are often responsible for more land now than in the past.</p>
<p>Not everyone <strong>expects</strong> a completely high-tech future. Some farmers think that it’s wrong to use a lot of technology. Even farmers who use new technology often try to <strong>combine</strong> it with traditional farming techniques and knowledge. However, new technology may be essential because of the changing population in the countryside. Developers say that completely self-driving machines may be available in just a few years.</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>Japan’s farmers hope that new technology, like self-driving tractors, will help them with their work. There are fewer farmers and farm workers now than in the past. Farmers are also are getting older. It is becoming more and more difficult for them to care for their farms.</p>
<p>Farmers are particularly interested in “self-driving” tractors. These tractors do not need a person to drive them. The farmer can program a course. Then the tractor uses GPS to follow it. In the future, older farmers could do most of their work without leaving their house. Farmers could even program these machines to work at night.</p>
<p>The first self-driving tractors are already available. Kubota Corp. started selling its first model for testing in June. At present, the Kubota tractor still needs a farmer to watch it while it works. However, the farmer can do this while driving another tractor. That means two machines can work at the same time. Kubota says the farmer can finish their work faster. </p>
<p>Kubota, and other companies like Iseki &#038; Co. and Yanmar, are working to make fully self-driving machines. One of the biggest problems is the GPS system. Self-driving tractors need GPS systems to tell them where to go. At present, the systems sometimes make mistakes. Sometimes the machine goes off course by as much as 10 m. However, makers are working to fix these problems. They hope to make better GPS systems in the near future.</p>
<p>Some farmers are trying other ways to use technology on their farms. One idea is using computers to set temperatures inside farm buildings. Computers can also water plants. Some scientists are working on machines to study the weather and help farmers keep their plants safe. In recent years, typhoons and hard rain have hurt farm plants. That’s why giving farmers better data is important. </p>
<p>The Japanese government says that new ideas are very important for the Japanese farms. Now, more than half of Japan’s farmers are over 65 years old. The total number of people working on farms is falling every year. The Japanese government said that between 2016 and 2017, the number of farm workers fell by about 100,000 people. As a result, farmers must care for more land now than in the past. </p>
<p>Not everyone wants to use new technology. Some farmers think that older ways are better. However, people in the countryside may need new technology to deal with their problems. Fully self-driving machines may be available in just a few years.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange">look to ~　～に期待を寄せる、～を頼りにする</h5>
<p>人や事柄に対して、何かを期待する、当てにする、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：I looked to him for help with the new program.<br />
（この新しいプログラムについては、彼の援助に期待していた。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">deal with　（問題などに）対処する、取り組む</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">rural　地方の</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">farmland　農地</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">self-driving　自動運転の</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">instead　代わりに</h5>
<h5 class="orange">in theory　理論的には、理屈の上では</h5>
<p>筋道や理屈に基づいて考えるならば、という意味で、可能性のあることや起こるべきことを説明するときに使われます。多くの場合、実際にはその起こるべきことが起こらないときに使われます。</p>
<p>例：In theory, I could graduate this year but I don’t think I’ll be able to finish my courses.<br />
（私は、理論上は今年卒業することができるのだが、全課程を終えられるとは思えない。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">accurate　正確な</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">look at ~　～に目を向ける</h5>
<h5 class="orange">estimate　見積もる、推定する</h5>
<p>程度や数量などのだいたいの目安をつける、見積もる、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：We estimated the cost to be about $2 million.<br />
（私たちは、コストはおよそ200万ドルになると見積もった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">expect　期待する</h5>
<p>あることが当然起きるだろうと期待する、予期する、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：I expect her to arrive at around 8pm.<br />
（彼女は午後8時頃に到着するだろうと思っている。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">combine　組み合わせる、合体させる</h5>
<p>結合して一体にする、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：We combined our savings after we got married.<br />
（私たちは結婚後に自分たちの貯金を合算した。）</p>
</div>
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		<title>Meatless burger that ‘bleeds’ launches in US</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read045/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read045/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 26 Sep 2017 03:00:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=19029</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to learn why eating less red meat is good for the planet. なぜ牛肉の消費量を減らすことが地球にとって良いことなのか、記事を読んで [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to learn why eating less red meat is good for the planet.<br />
なぜ牛肉の消費量を減らすことが地球にとって良いことなのか、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read045.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Science has brought us a new way to enjoy a juicy burger, and one that is better for our planet. Silicon Valley-based company Beyond Meat has created a meatless burger that looks and tastes like the real thing. “Beyond Burger” has <strong>made its way into</strong> the meat section of the biggest US supermarket chain, Kroger, starting from June of this year. </p>
<p>Many other <strong>plant-protein</strong> burgers have been on the market for years, but most of these look and taste very different from meat and are <strong>marketed</strong> to people who don’t eat meat. Beyond Meat is doing things a little differently, and worked for more than seven years to create their <strong>pea-protein</strong> patty to make meat eaters think they’re eating a regular hamburger.</p>
<p>Instead of focusing on people who don’t eat meat, Beyond Meat wants to market their burger to meat eaters. The company aims to replace animal protein <strong>diets</strong> with plant protein diets. To do this, the California company knows <strong>they’ve got to</strong> give meat eaters what they love – a juicy burger. </p>
<p>So far, food critics are <strong>giving Beyond Burger a thumbs up</strong>, saying the burgers look, feel, and taste just like the real thing. The burger even “bleeds” – that is, the beet juice that gives the patty its pink center makes it look just like a rare hamburger. </p>
<p>Beyond Meat launched their product last year in Whole Foods, a popular natural foods supermarket chain in the US. This summer, the company brought their burgers to a number of other businesses, including Alamo Drafthouse, a popular dine-and-watch cinema chain, and Chicago burger chain Epic Burger. </p>
<p>Beyond Burger isn’t exactly a healthier alternative to meat. The patty still has about the same amount of calories and fat as a regular hamburger – and quite a bit more <strong>sodium</strong>. But it is better for our planet. The beef industry is one of the biggest causes of global warming. <strong>Plant-based diets</strong> are better for the Earth, and as Professor Tim Benton of the University of Leeds told The Guardian in 2014: “The biggest <strong>intervention</strong> people could make towards reducing their carbon footprints would not be to <strong>abandon</strong> cars, but to eat significantly less red meat.” Perhaps Beyond Burger is a step in this direction.</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>A Californian company has brought us a new type of juicy burger, and one that is better for the Earth. Beyond Meat created a meatless burger that looks and tastes like a regular hamburger. “Beyond Burger” is in the meat section of the biggest US supermarket company, Kroger, starting from June of this year. </p>
<p>Many other meatless burgers have been on the market for years, but most of these look and taste very different from meat. Most meatless burgers are marketed to people who don’t eat meat. Beyond Meat is doing things a little differently. The company worked for more than seven years to make their meatless patty, so even meat eaters think they’re eating a regular hamburger.</p>
<p>Beyond Meat wants to bring their burger to meat eaters. The company aims to get people to stop eating meat, and eat more plant-based diets. To do this, the California company knows they’ve got to give meat eaters what they love – a juicy burger. </p>
<p>So far, food critics are saying the Beyond Burger looks, feels, and tastes just like a regular hamburger. The burger even “bleeds” – that is, beet juice gives the patty a pink center and makes it look just like a rare hamburger. </p>
<p>Beyond Meat introduced their product last year in Whole Foods, a popular natural foods supermarket company in the US. This summer, other businesses started selling Beyond Burgers. Alamo Drafthouse, a popular dine-and-watch cinema company, and Chicago burger company Epic Burger both serve the meatless burgers.</p>
<p>Beyond Burger isn’t really healthier than real meat. The patty still has about the same amount of calories and fat as a regular hamburger. The burger also has quite a bit more salt. But it is better for our planet. </p>
<p>The beef industry is one of the biggest causes of global warming. Growing plants is better for the Earth than raising cows. In 2014, Professor Tim Benton of the University of Leeds told The Guardian that the biggest thing people could do to stop global warming is to eat a lot less red meat. Perhaps Beyond Burger is a way to do that.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">make one’s way into ~　～に進出する</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">plant-protein　植物性たんぱく質</h5>
<h5 class="orange">market　売り出す、売り込む</h5>
<p>広告などの努力をして売り込む、市場に出すという意味です。</p>
<p>例：We’re going to try to market this product to new mothers.<br />
（私たちはこの商品を新米ママたちに向けて売り出す予定です。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">pea-protein　ピープロテイン（エンドウ豆由来プロテイン）</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">diet　食生活</h5>
<h5 class="orange">have got to ~　 ～しなければならない</h5>
<p>“have to ~” と同じように義務や必要性を表し、～をしなければいけない、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：I have got to pass my exams in order to get into a good university.<br />
（良い大学に入学するためには試験に合格しなければならない。）</p>
<div class="addmore mgb20">
義務や必要性を表す<strong> “have to / have got to”</strong> と <strong>”must”</strong> は、置き換えが可能な場合もありますが、使われ方に少し違いがあります。<strong>“have to / have got to”</strong> は、ルールなどの外的な拘束や周囲の状況、または一般論としての義務を表す一方、<strong>“must”</strong> は話し手の主体的な意思や命令というニュアンスを含みます。
</p>
<p><strong>▼こちらもCheck！</strong><br />
<a href="https://www.gabastyle.com/english/synonym/synonym003/" title="">&#8220;must&#8221; と &#8220;have to&#8221; の違いって？ </a></p>
</div>
<h5 class="orange">give ~ a thumbs up 　～にOKを出す、～を承認する</h5>
<p>親指を立てるジェスチャーを表し、良いと認める、賛成する、という意味の表現です。</p>
<p>例：He gave us the thumbs up to start on the project.<br />
（彼は私たちにプロジェクト開始の承認を出した。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">sodium　ナトリウム</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">plant-based diet　植物性の食品を食べる食生活、菜食</h5>
<h5 class="orange">intervention　介入</h5>
<p>物事の流れや方向、または結果を変えるために間に入ること、関わることを意味します。</p>
<p>例：Many people want government intervention to help save education programs.<br />
（多くの人が、教育プログラムの救済を支援するための政府の介入を望んでいる。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">abandon　諦める、捨て去る</h5>
<p>希望や習慣などを諦める、風習などを捨て去る、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：I abandoned the hope of being able to go to Paris this year.<br />
（今年パリへ行くという望みは捨てた。）</p>
</div>
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		<title>Scotland asks UK to protect Scotch from cheap whisky</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read044/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read044/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Sep 2017 03:00:52 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=18930</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out the differences between American and Scottish whisky. 記事を読み、アメリカンウイスキーとスコッチウイスキーの [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out the differences between American and Scottish whisky.<br />
記事を読み、アメリカンウイスキーとスコッチウイスキーの違いについて学んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read044.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Scotland’s Economy <strong>Secretary</strong> asked the UK government to create laws that would officially protect the Scottish whisky industry from cheaper, lower-quality alcohol produced outside of Scotland. </p>
<p>The whisky industry in Scotland is a huge business. Scotch whisky is one of the top five <strong>manufactured exports</strong> of the entire UK. The income from exports of whisky <strong>makes up</strong> around 25% of the total food and drink exports income for the UK, and <strong>is worth</strong> around £4 billion (about ¥577 billion). The industry also provides jobs for around 20,000 Scots and another 15,000 people in the rest of the UK. Scotland’s Economy Secretary Keith Brown says that Scotch whisky is not only a business, but also “a key part of Scottish culture and identity”. </p>
<p>The Scotch whisky industry is one of the many industries being <strong>affected</strong> by Brexit. So far, the definition of what can and what cannot be called whisky was defined by the European Union. However, the Scots now worry that after the UK leaves the EU whisky will lose its legal protection. The worry is that Scotch whisky will have to <strong>compete</strong> with the cheaper, American version. </p>
<p>There are several differences between Scotch whisky and American whiskey. One of the differences is in the name – it’s called “whisky” in Scotland and “whiskey” in the US. A more important difference is how long the alcohol has to <strong>age</strong> before it can be called a whisky. In the EU, the alcohol has to age <strong>at least</strong> three years before it can be called a whisky. On the other hand, in the US the minimum aging time varies by type of whiskey, but it is shorter than in Scotland. In some cases, like bourbon or corn whiskey, there is no minimum aging time. That makes American whiskey much cheaper to produce, but also lowers the quality of the drink. </p>
<p>In the past, the US government tried <strong>unsuccessfully</strong> to change the European Union’s aging rules for whisky. A representative of the UK government said that “[the UK government] will support the industry so that it continues to <strong>thrive and prosper</strong> post-Brexit”. However, no <strong>concrete</strong> promises have yet been made.</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>Scotland’s Economy Secretary asked the UK government to help the Scottish whisky industry. He wants new laws to protect Scottish whisky from cheaper, lower-quality alcohol made outside of Scotland. </p>
<p>The whisky industry in Scotland is a very big business. Scotch whisky is one of the top five manufactured exports of the UK. The UK sells around £4 billion (about ¥577 billion) of exported whisky. That’s around 25% of UK’s exported food and drink sales. Around 20,000 Scots have jobs in the whisky business. Around 15,000 people in other areas of the UK have jobs in the whisky business, too. Scotland’s Economy Secretary Keith Brown says that Scotch whisky is more than a business. He says it’s an important part of Scottish culture. </p>
<p>The Scotch whisky industry is being affected by Brexit. The European Union has rules about what can be called whisky. Scots worry that Scotch whisky won’t be protected after the UK leaves the EU. They worry that Scotch whisky will have to compete with the cheaper American drink. </p>
<p>There are several differences between Scotch whisky and American whiskey. One of the differences is in the name – it’s called “whisky” in Scotland and “whiskey” in the US. Another difference is how long the whisky has to age. In the EU, a whisky has to age at least three years. In the US the aging time is shorter than in Scotland. For some types of whiskey there is no minimum aging time. That makes American whiskey much cheaper to make, but also lowers the quality of the drink. </p>
<p>In the past, the US government tried to change the European Union’s aging rules for whisky. However, it was unsuccessful. A member of the UK government said that the UK government will try to help the whisky business grow even after Brexit. However, he did not say how the government plans to help.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">Secretary　長官、大臣</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">manufactured exports　製造された輸出品</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">make up　構成する、成り立っている</h5>
<p><strong>▼こちらもCheck！</strong><br />
<a href="https://www.gabastyle.com/english/p-verbs/p-verbs017/" title="">使いこなす句動詞 “make up” </a></p>
<h5 class="orange">worth~　～の価値がある、～相当の</h5>
<p>ある物が、特定の金額または物の価値がある、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：The jewelry was worth almost two million yen.<br />
（そのジュエリーは約200万円の価値がある。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">affect　影響を及ぼす</h5>
<h5 class="orange">compete　競う</h5>
<p>同じ目的に向かって負けないように張り合うこと、優劣を競いあうことを意味します。</p>
<p>例：I had to compete against a lot of other applicants for this job.）<br />
（この仕事を得るために他の多くの応募者と競わないといけなかった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">age　熟成させる</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">at least　少なくとも</h5>
<h5 class="orange">unsuccessfully　不成功に終わった、失敗して</h5>
<p>結果的に失敗して、うまくいかずに、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：He unsuccessfully ran for mayor of his city.<br />
（彼は市長選に出馬したが失敗に終わった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">thrive and prosper　繁栄する、成功する</h5>
<p>“thrive” と “prosper” はどちらも、繁栄する、成功する、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：The economy is thriving thanks to many new building projects.<br />
（多くの新規建築プロジェクトのおかげで、経済が繁栄している。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">concrete　明確な、具体的な</h5>
<p>抽象的ではなく、具体的ではっきりとした、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：Let’s make a concrete plan for Saturday.<br />
（土曜日の具体的なプランを練りましょう。）</p>
</div>
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		<title>Yakubusoku</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read043/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read043/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 12 Sep 2017 03:00:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=18753</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out how many people use the term “yakubusoku” incorrectly. 「役不足」を本来とは異なる意味で使っている人がどのく [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out how many people use the term “<em>yakubusoku</em>” incorrectly.<br />
「役不足」を本来とは異なる意味で使っている人がどのくらいいるのか、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read043.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
In Japanese, there are some words and phrases that even native speakers tend to use incorrectly. “<em>Yakubusoku</em>” is one such word. </p>
<p>The word “yakubusoku” is <strong>made up of</strong> two parts: “<em>yaku</em>” (role) and “<em>fusoku</em>” (shortage or <strong>deficiency</strong>). The original meaning of the word is when you are unsatisfied with a role or task that is given to you because that task isn’t a challenge or is somehow <strong>unfulfilling</strong>. For example, if a company <strong>assigns menial labor</strong> to a highly-skilled worker, they might say that the job is “yakubusoku” for them. </p>
<p>Many Japanese people, however, use the word in a way that is different from this <strong>intended</strong> meaning. In fact, a common way in which the word is used is in fact the opposite of the term’s original meaning. For example, one might say “<em>watashi wa sono shigoto ni wa yakubusoku desu</em>” (“I’m not skilled enough for the job”). In such situations, they should have said “<em>chikarabusoku</em>” instead of “yakubusoku”. The term “<em>chikarabusoku</em>” is, <strong>likewise</strong>, made of two parts: “<em>chikara</em>” (power or ability) and “fusoku”, and means to lack the ability for a role or task. It is the correct word to use when you don’t feel confident in your ability to be successful in some <strong>endeavor</strong>. </p>
<p>Bunkacho, the Agency for Cultural Affairs, regularly <strong>carries out</strong> opinion surveys about the Japanese language in modern use. According to this survey, more than half of the respondents incorrectly identified the meaning of “yakubusoku”. In 2014, <strong>for instance</strong>, 51% of people did not appropriately define the term “yakubusoku”. The 2014 survey pointed out that there are in fact a handful of expressions that, in everyday speech, are used in ways that are different from their original meanings. </p>
<p>- <em>nagare ni sao sasu:</em> “go with the flow” (many mistake for “<strong>resisting</strong> change”)<br />
- <em>ki ga okenai:</em> “feel at ease with ~” (often mistaken for “have to <strong>hold back</strong> with ~”)<br />
- <em>funpan mono:</em> “can’t help laughing” (taken to mean “easily <strong>irritated</strong> by ~”)</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>In Japanese, there are some phrases that even native speakers do not use correctly. “<em>Yakubusoku</em>” is one example. </p>
<p>The word “yakubusoku” is made up of two parts: “<em>yaku</em>” (role) and “<em>fusoku</em>” (shortage). The original meaning is that you are unhappy with a role that is given to you. This is usually because the role is unfulfilling. For example, some companies might ask a highly-skilled worker to do menial labor. That worker might say that the job is “yakubusoku”. </p>
<p>Many Japanese people, however, use the word in a different way. Commonly, they use it to mean the opposite of the term’s original meaning. For example, one might say “<em>watashi wa sono shigoto ni wa yakubusoku desu</em>” (“I’m not skilled enough for the job”). In this situation, they should have said “<em>chikarabusoku</em>”. The term “chikarabusoku” is made up of two parts: “<em>chikara</em>” (power or ability) and “fusoku”. It means you don’t have the skill for a role. It is the correct word to use when you don’t feel you can be successful in some role. </p>
<p>Bunkacho, the Agency for Cultural Affairs, regularly makes surveys about how Japanese is used today. The survey showed that more than half of the people Bunkacho asked did not use the original meaning of “yakubusoku”. In 2014, for example, 51% of people did not say the original meaning for “yakubusoku”. The 2014 survey also showed that there are a few things that people say in everyday speech that are different from their original meanings. </p>
<p>- <em>nagare ni sao sasu:</em> “go with the flow” (many mistake for “resisting change”)<br />
- <em>ki ga okenai:</em> “feel at ease with ~” (often mistaken for “have to hold back with ~”)<br />
- <em>funpan mono:</em> “can’t help laughing” (taken to mean “easily irritated by ~”)</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">made up of~　～で構成されている</h5>
<p><strong>▼こちらもCheck！</strong><br />
<a href="https://www.gabastyle.com/english/p-verbs/p-verbs017/" title="">使いこなす句動詞 “make up”  </a></p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">deficiency　欠乏、不足</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">unfulfilling　達成感がない</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">assign menial labor　単純な作業をあてがう</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">intended　意図された</h5>
<h5 class="orange">likewise　同様に</h5>
<p>同様に、同じように、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：He volunteered his time and encouraged others to do likewise.<br />
（彼は進んで自分の時間を割き、他の人にも同様にするよう勧めた。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">endeavor　試み</h5>
<p>何かを行うため、または達成するための試みや取り組みを意味します。</p>
<p>例：She endeavored to become fluent in Spanish within one year.<br />
（彼女は1年間でスペイン語を流暢に話せるようになるよう取り組んだ。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">carryout　行う、実行する</h5>
<h5 class="orange">for instance　例えば</h5>
<p>“instance” には例、実例、という意味があり、“for instance” は “for example” と同じように、例えば、例として、という意味で使われます。</p>
<p>例：There are many ways to contact the company – for instance, by email or phone.<br />
（その会社への連絡方法はたくさんあります。例えば、メールや電話などです。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">hold back　本音を隠す、遠慮する</h5>
<p>事実や本心などを隠す（言わずに留めておく）、または行動を控える、という意味の句動詞です。</p>
<p>例：I don’t know him very well so I held back my true feelings.<br />
（彼のことをよく知らないので、自分の本当の気持ちは言わなかった。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">irritated　イライラしている</h5>
<p>いら立った、腹を立てた、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：I’m irritated by the sound of footsteps in the apartment above me.<br />
（上の階の住人の足音にイライラしている。）</p>
</div>
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		<title>App finds recipes based on pictures</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read042/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read042/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 05 Sep 2017 03:00:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=18667</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out how researchers think this app could be used in the future. マサチューセッツ工科大学で開発されたあるア [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out how researchers think this app could be used in the future.<br />
マサチューセッツ工科大学で開発されたあるアプリが将来どのように使われる可能性があるのか、研究員たちの考えについて読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read042.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Boston have developed a new type of app that can find recipes based on pictures. The app uses a new kind of AI system that can <strong>identify</strong> food in pictures and then suggest a matching recipe. MIT has called the app “Pic2Recipe” and is now testing it to see how well it works. <strong>So far</strong>, the results have been <strong>pretty impressive</strong>. </p>
<p>The app was able to identify lots of different kinds of ingredients like flour, eggs, and butter using its database. The MIT researchers created Pic2Recipe using more data than other similar technology before. Researchers used more than one million photos and recipes to train the app’s AI system, and the majority of the images and recipes were desserts. For that reason, the app seems to have an easy time identifying desserts like cookies and muffins, but still has a little difficulty figuring out what’s inside of foods like smoothies or sushi. </p>
<p>Researchers are trying to improve the app <strong>so that</strong> it can recognize more <strong>complicated dishes</strong> and cooking techniques. One of their main goals is to create a fully functioning app that people can use to make the dishes they see on social media services like Instagram. Still, there are many other possible uses for the technology. </p>
<p>One of the graduate students working on the app is Nick Hynes. When discussing the app’s possibilities, Hynes said, “This could <strong>potentially</strong> help people figure out what’s in their food when they don’t have <strong>explicit</strong> nutritional information.” Hynes hopes that this technology will <strong>eventually</strong> be able to help people who are on special diets know more about what they’re eating. </p>
<p>Others hope to use the technology to help figure out what to make for dinner. Researchers think that the app could eventually be able to give recipe suggestions based on the food someone has in their <strong>fridge</strong>. <strong>Essentially</strong>, the user would put in the foods they have at home and then indicate the kind of dish they want to eat. After that, the system would give the user some options for recipes to make. This would certainly be useful to people who don’t have the time to look for different recipes online.</p>
<p>The technology that this new app offers could change the way people take pictures of their food. Instagram is full of pictures of great looking food, but there are almost never any recipes included. This app could finally make all of those Instagram pictures useful.<br />
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Boston have made a new type of app that uses pictures to find foods. The app has a new kind of AI system and can recognize food in pictures. After the app recognizes the food, it gives the user a matching recipe. MIT has called the app “Pic2Recipe” and is now testing it. So far, the results have been pretty strong. </p>
<p>The app was able to recognize lots of different kinds of ingredients like flour, eggs, and butter. The MIT researchers used more than one million photos and recipes to train the app’s AI system. They mostly used images and recipes of desserts, so the app can easily recognize things like cookies and muffins. Still, Pic2Recipe has a little difficulty with foods like smoothies or sushi. </p>
<p>Researchers are trying to make the app better. They want the app to recognize more difficult dishes and cooking techniques. The researchers’ main goal is to help people make the dishes that they see on social media sites like Instagram. Still, there are many other possible uses for the technology. </p>
<p>One of the researchers working on the app is Nick Hynes. Hynes hopes that his app will be able to help people who have special diets. Many people with special diets need to be careful about the food they eat. </p>
<p>Others hope to use the technology to get dinner ideas. Researchers think that, in the future, users might be able to use the app in other interesting ways. A user might be able to enter information about the foods they have at home and then choose the kind of dish they want to eat. After that, the system would give the user some recipe choices. This would be useful to people who don’t have the time to look for recipes online.</p>
<p>The technology in this new app could change the way people take pictures of their food. Instagram has many pictures of great looking food, but there often aren’t any recipes with those pictures. This app could finally make all of those Instagram pictures useful.<br />
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">identify　特定する、識別する</h5>
<h5 class="orange">so far　今のところ</h5>
<p>今の段階では、現時点では、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：Their new business has been successful so far.<br />
（今のところ彼らの新しいビジネスは上手くいっている。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">pretty　まあまあ、なかなか</h5>
<p>“pretty” は、かわいらしい、などの形容詞としての用法以外に、”very” などと同じく程度を表す副詞としても使われます。通常 “pretty” は ”very” より低い程度を表し、適度に高い程度として、まあまあ、なかなか、比較的、などの意味で使われます。</p>
<p>例：He looked pretty fit for his age.<br />
（彼は年齢のわりにはなかなか元気そうだ。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">impressive　素晴らしい、見事な</h5>
<h5 class="orange">so that ~　～できるように</h5>
<p>～できるように、～するために、という意味で、目的を表す接続詞として使われます。</p>
<p>例：I’ll take the train instead of driving so that I can sleep on the way there.<br />
（そちらに行く途中で寝れるよう、車ではなく電車にします。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">complicated dishes　複雑な（難しい）料理</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">potentially　もしかすると、潜在的に</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">explicit　明確な</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">eventually　いずれは、ゆくゆくは</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">fridge　冷蔵庫</h5>
<h5 class="orange">essentially　基本的に</h5>
<p>物事や人、状況などの基本的な性質や原則を表し、基本的に、本来、原則として、などという意味で使われます。</p>
<p>例：He’s a little argumentative but he’s essentially a good person.<br />
（彼は少し理屈っぽいが、本来は良い人だ。）</p>
</div>
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		<title>New York subway considers banning food on trains</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read041/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read041/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 29 Aug 2017 03:00:56 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=18535</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out why the New York subway authority wants to stop people from eating on its trains. [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out why the New York subway authority wants to stop people from eating on its trains.<br />
ニューヨークの地下鉄が電車内での飲食を禁止したがっている理由について、記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read041.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
The subway in New York has a <strong>garbage</strong> problem. People are <strong>throwing</strong> too much garbage on the subway trains and tracks. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) has tried a few ways to reduce the garbage on the tracks, but their next solution may be to <strong>ban</strong> food on the trains. </p>
<p>Garbage causes big problems for the MTA and passengers. On July 17, garbage on the tracks near the 145th Street station in Manhattan caused a fire that sent nine people to the hospital and caused delays for many people who were trying to <strong>get to work</strong>. </p>
<p>MTA’s chairman Joseph J. Lhota pointed to the eating habits of New Yorkers as the cause of the garbage problem. Many people eat on the New York subway. On <strong>a given train</strong>, people can be seen eating anything from fast food and pizza, to Chinese take-out. Some passengers don’t <strong>clean up</strong> after themselves when they’re done eating – the left-behind garbage causes fires and <strong>attracts</strong> rats. There currently aren’t any rules <strong>forbidding</strong> food on MTA trains. According to <em>The New York Times</em>, Lhota suggests changing that. </p>
<p>“It may be an education program about what types of foods really shouldn’t be brought on,” said Lhota. It’s possible the MTA will not ban all food, but may ask riders not to eat <strong>messy food</strong> or food that attracts rats and is hard to clean up. </p>
<p>Transit authorities in some US cities ban eating and drinking on trains and in the stations. Passengers are prohibited from eating or drinking on trains in Washington, DC. It’s also against the rules to eat or drink on trains or buses in San Francisco, though many people <strong>ignore</strong> the rules. </p>
<p><strong>Critics</strong> of the suggested food ban on New York trains say it will be hard to <strong>enforce</strong>. Gene Russianoff leads the Straphangers Campaign, a rider <strong>advocacy</strong> group. Russianoff defended subway riders who eat on the train: “There are people who have no choice – they’re going from work to school.”</p>
<p>In 2012, Lhota himself said banning eating on trains would <strong>hurt</strong> some communities, and that many children have their morning meal on the subway. </p>
<p>It’s already illegal to <strong>litter</strong> or throw garbage on New York trains, stations, and tracks. If caught and ticketed for littering, a person could pay up to $250 (about ¥28,000) in fines. Though, these laws are not strictly enforced. </p>
<p>In 2016, a new cleaning program called “Operation Track Sweep” was launched by the MTA. The program increased the cleaning efforts at the subway stations and resulted in a 41% reduction in track fires. Other cleanup efforts include buying three more vacuum trains, which are designed to pick up garbage from the tracks and prevent fires.</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
<p>The subway in New York may tell people to stop eating on the trains. This is because the New York subway has a garbage problem. People are leaving garbage on the subway trains and train tracks. The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) runs the New York subway. They tried a few ways to fix the garbage problem, but now they may stop people from eating food on the trains. </p>
<p>Garbage causes big problems for the MTA and passengers. On July 17, garbage caused a fire near the 145th Street station in Manhattan. Nine people were sent to the hospital, and many people couldn’t get to work on time. </p>
<p>Many people eat on the New York subway. On many trains, people eat many kinds of food: fast food, pizza, and even Chinese take-out. Some passengers don’t clean up after themselves when they’re done eating, and the garbage they leave can cause fires. </p>
<p>MTA’s chairman Joseph J. Lhota said that some New Yorkers who eat on the train are the cause of the garbage problem. Right now, there aren’t any rules against eating food on MTA trains. According to <em>The New York Times</em>, Lhota talked about making some new rules. </p>
<p>Lhota said the MTA might make “an education program about what types of foods really shouldn’t be brought on.” The MTA also might not make a rule against all food on the train. The MTA may just ask riders not to eat food that is hard to clean up. </p>
<p>Some US cities do not let passengers eat or drink on trains and in the stations. Passengers can’t eat or drink on trains in Washington, DC. It’s also against the rules to eat or drink on buses in San Francisco. However, many people don’t follow the rules, and still eat on the bus. </p>
<p>Some people say that it will be too difficult to stop people from bringing food on the trains in New York City. Gene Russianoff is with the Straphangers Campaign, a group that speaks for subway passengers. Russianoff defended subway riders who eat on the train, saying: “There are people who have no choice – they’re going from work to school.” </p>
<p>In 2012, Lhota himself said making a new rule against eating on trains would hurt some communities, and that many children have their morning meal on the subway. </p>
<p>It’s already against the law to leave garbage on New York trains, in stations, and on train tracks. If the MTA catches people leaving garbage in these places, that person could pay up to $250 (about ¥28,000). Though, the MTA doesn’t spend much time looking for people who leave garbage. </p>
<p>In 2016, the MTA started a new cleaning program. The program increased cleaning at the subway stations. This resulted in a 41% less fires on train tracks. The MTA also bought three more vacuum trains, which clean up garbage from the tracks.</p>
</div></div></div>
<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">garbage　ごみ</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">throw　捨てる</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">ban　禁止する</h5>
<h5 class="orange">get to work　仕事（職場）に行く</h5>
<p>仕事に行く、出社する、という意味です。“go to work” と同じ意味で使われています。</p>
<p>例：How do you get to work every day?<br />
（仕事には毎日どのように行くのですか？） </p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">a given train　ある（特定の）電車</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">clean up　片付ける</h5>
<h5 class="orange">attract　引き寄せる、引きつける</h5>
<p>ものや人を魅力などで引きつける、興味や関心などを引くという意味です。</p>
<p>例：The low housing costs have attracted a lot of young buyers to the area.<br />
（低い住宅費が、多くの若い購買層をこの地域に引き寄せている。）</p>
<h5 class="orange">forbid 　禁止する</h5>
<p>禁止する、という意味です。<br />
“forbid” は一般的（日常的）で個人的なことに対して使われるのに対し、”ban” は通常、公的（法律的）に禁止するという意味で使われます。また、同じく禁止するという意味の ”prohibit” も、公的に禁止するという意味で使われることが多い表現です。</p>
<p>例：Cars are forbidden on this street on the weekends.<br />
（週末、この道は車の通行が禁じられています。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">messy food　（体や周辺が）汚れるような食べ物</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">ignore　無視する</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">critic　（計画などを）批判する人、反対派</h5>
<h5 class="orange">enforce　（法律などを）実行する、施行する</h5>
<p>法律や計画などを実際に行う、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：A police officer’s job is to enforce the law.<br />
（警察官の仕事は、法律を実際に守らせることだ。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">advocacy　弁護</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">hurt　問題を与える、困らせる</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb10">litter　（ごみなどを）散らかす</h5>
</div>
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		<title>Scientists ‘print’ movie in bacteria DNA</title>
		<link>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read040/</link>
		<comments>https://www.gabastyle.com/english/read/read040/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 22 Aug 2017 03:00:46 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[tomotakahashi]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[サクっと読む英文]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[9907_右new]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.gabastyle.com/?p=18406</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Read the article to find out how and why scientists are storing information in DNA. 科学者たちがDNAの中に情報を保存している方法と、そ [&#8230;]]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Read the article to find out how and why scientists are storing information in DNA.<br />
科学者たちがDNAの中に情報を保存している方法と、その理由について記事を読んでみましょう。</p>
<p class="img"><img src="/wp-content/uploads/read040.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<div class="su-tabs su-tabs-style-default" data-active="1"><div class="su-tabs-nav"><span class=" en">Higher level</span><span class=" en">Lower level</span></div><div class="su-tabs-panes"><div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Scientists from Harvard Medical School have recently finished a test in which they “uploaded” an image and a movie into living DNA. They were able to successfully “write” the data for a black-and-white image and a short movie into bacteria DNA, and later get them from the DNA data. This research has a lot of <strong>potential</strong> for future medical and scientific use.</p>
<p>The idea of <strong>storing</strong> information in DNA is not new. Scientists have been using <strong>synthetic</strong> DNA (DNA created in a <strong>laboratory</strong>) to record data since 2012. DNA is very small and the information does not <strong>get lost over time</strong>. So, it has the potential to be used as a <strong>storage system</strong> for a lot of data in the future. In fact, scientists say that all of the world’s data could be stored in a volume of DNA about the size of two vans. However, storing data in living DNA is more challenging. Living DNA is always changing, which could affect the data written in it.</p>
<p>In this test, the Harvard scientists wrote the data for a black-and-white image of a human hand and a short black-and-white movie of a running horse into the DNA of E. coli bacteria. They used a code for each pixel of the image. The movie data was <strong>encoded</strong> one frame at a time, <strong>over a period of</strong> five days. The data were spread over a group of many bacteria. The bacteria were left to grow in a dish for one week. After that, the scientists collected the code from the bacteria’s DNA and used a program to recreate the image and the movie from the data.</p>
<p>The results were very positive. The scientists were able to recreate the hand image with 100% <strong>accuracy</strong>, and the movie with 90% accuracy. Although these data are still basic, this test shows that it is possible to store data in living DNA.</p>
<p>Scientists are hoping to use this technology in the future not only for storing data, but for recording changes over time in <strong>living organisms</strong>. This could be used to record changes inside human bodies to help fight disease, or to record environmental changes such as <strong>pollution</strong>.</p>
<p>However, there are some problems with this technology. First of all, at this point it is extremely expensive and cannot be used for everyday <strong>applications</strong>. Secondly, using this technology with living organisms has the potential of causing damage. For example, changing human DNA could create mistakes in the code, which might create diseases that will continue for many generations. Finally, there is a <strong>continuous debate</strong> regarding the <strong>ethics</strong> of changing human DNA.</p>
<p>It is clear that DNA technology is making great advances in recent years. However, it might be best to be careful before beginning to apply it to living organisms.</p>
</div>
<div class="su-tabs-pane su-clearfix en">
Scientists from Harvard Medical School recently “uploaded” an image and a movie into living DNA. They “wrote” the data for a black-and-white image and a short movie into bacteria DNA, and then got them from the DNA data. This research could be used for medicine and science in the future.</p>
<p>The technology of keeping information in DNA is not new. DNA is very small and it can keep information for a long time. So DNA could be used to keep a lot of data. Scientists say that all of the world’s data could be kept in DNA about the size of two vans.</p>
<p>Scientists have used synthetic DNA to record data since 2012. Synthetic DNA is made in a laboratory, not taken from living things. However, recording data in living DNA is more difficult. Living DNA is always changing, so the data written in it could also change.</p>
<p>In this test, the Harvard scientists used the DNA of E. coli bacteria. They chose a black-and-white image of a human hand and a short black-and-white movie of a running horse. The scientists then wrote the data for the image and the movie into the bacteria’s DNA using a code. The bacteria grew in a dish for one week. Then, the scientists took the data from the bacteria DNA and used it to remake the image and the movie.</p>
<p>The results were very good. The hand image made from the DNA data was 100% the same as the original image. The movie was 90% the same as the original movie. This test shows that it is possible to record data in living DNA.</p>
<p>In the future, scientists hope to use DNA technology not only for keeping data. They want to record changes over time in living things. They could record changes inside human bodies to stop illnesses. They could also record changes in the environment.</p>
<p>However, there are some problems with DNA technology. First, it is very expensive and cannot be used in daily life yet. Secondly, changing the DNA of living things could cause damage. Changing human DNA could create illnesses and other problems that will continue for a long time. Finally, many people worry about the moral questions of changing human DNA.</p>
<p>DNA research is making a lot of progress recently. However, people should probably be careful before using it a lot with living things.</p>
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<div class="innerBox clr">
<h4>キーフレーズ</h4>
<h5 class="orange">potential　可能性（将来性）</h5>
<p>あることが起きる可能性や発展性を意味します。</p>
<p>例：He has the potential to be very successful.<br />
（彼は大きな成功を収める可能性を持っている。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">store　～を保存する、記憶する</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">synthetic　人工の</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">laboratory　研究所</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">get lost　迷う、失われる</h5>
<h5 class="orange">over time　時間と共に</h5>
<p>（長い）時間をかけて、徐々に、という意味です。</p>
<p>例：I didn’t like her at first, but I began to like her more over time.<br />
（初めは彼女のことが好きではなかったが、時間が経つにつれて好きになり始めた。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">storage system　記憶（蓄積）システム</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">encode　コード化する</h5>
<h5 class="orange">over a period of ~　～（の期間）にわたって</h5>
<p>あることの持続（継続）期間を表すときに使われるフレーズです。</p>
<p>例：I watched the entire TV series over a period of a week.<br />
（テレビシリーズの全話を一週間にわたって観た。）</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">accuracy　正確さ</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">living organism　生体、生命（有機）体</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">pollution　汚染、公害</h5>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">application　利用、活用</h5>
<h5 class="orange">continuous debate　絶えることのない議論</h5>
<p>活発に談じられているものの結論に達することが難しい議論を意味します。</p>
<p>例：There is a continuous debate about the effectiveness of the medicine.<br />
（薬剤の有効性については絶え間ない議論がある。）</p>
<p>類義語: ongoing debate</p>
<h5 class="orange mgb20">ethic　倫理（観）</h5>
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